Vasoactive intestinal peptide
Vasoactive intestinal peptide is a peptide, indexed here under Endocrine and immune signalling peptides.
Identity
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Classification | Peptide |
| Primary class | Endocrine and immune signalling peptides |
| CAS registry number | 40077-57-4[1] |
| PubChem CID | 16132300[1] |
| UniProt accession | Unknown No UniProt query was run in v1. |
| Molecular formula | C147H237N43O43S[1] |
| Molecular weight | 3326.8 g/mol[1] |
| Amino-acid sequence | Unknown Not reported by the PubChem property set retrieved for this record; no sequence database query was run in v1. |
| Reported half-life | Unknown No pharmacokinetics source was retrieved in v1. PubChem does not carry half-life as a property, so this is recorded as not yet sourced rather than estimated. |
What the cited literature examines
Vasoactive intestinal peptide, with the generic name aviptadil for the synthetic form, is a 28-residue neuropeptide. A 1976 Lancet paper proposes a dual role as gastrointestinal hormone and neurotransmitter, a 1973 Lancet paper links it to the watery-diarrhoea syndrome, and 1998 Pharmacological Reviews and 2012 British Journal of Pharmacology papers cover the nomenclature and pharmacology of its receptors, shared with pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide. A 1993 FEBS Letters paper reports the VIP2 receptor cDNA, and a 1993 Endocrinology paper places the GIP receptor in the secretin-VIP receptor family.
Immunological records include a 1986 Journal of Immunology paper on immunoglobulin synthesis, a 1989 Science paper on catalytic hydrolysis of the peptide by a human autoantibody, a 2001 Nature Medicine paper in experimental arthritis, and a 2004 Pharmacological Reviews article on its significance in immunomodulation. A 1988 Nature paper reports neuronal cell killing by the HIV envelope protein and the effect of the peptide on it.
[3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13]Reported mechanism
A neuropeptide acting at the VPAC1 and VPAC2 receptors of the secretin receptor family, per the retrieved nomenclature and pharmacology records.
[5, 6]Stated in the titles of the cited 1998 Pharmacological Reviews and 2012 British Journal of Pharmacology papers.
Targets named in the cited records: VPAC1 receptor, VPAC2 receptor.
FDA application register
A query of the FDA Drugs@FDA application register on 2026-10-09 returned no application records for this compound name. This compound is not approved by the FDA for human use.[2]
Scope statement: this records the result of a single automated query against the openFDA drugsfda endpoint on the stated date. It is not legal advice and is not a jurisdiction-by-jurisdiction legality assessment.
Retrieved 2026-10-09.
Amounts reported in the cited literature
Unknown. No retrieved record in this dataset states an amount, so none is shown. Where an amount is recorded it is what a named study reported administering in its own stated model, in the past tense, and is not a protocol.
No study-reported dose was taken from a source read in v1. Literature-reported values are only recorded where the retrieved citation metadata states the figure.
Adverse effects reported in the cited literature
Unknown. No retrieved record in this dataset reports an adverse effect for this compound, so no row is shown. Absence of a row records the absence of a retrieved report, nothing more.
No adverse-effect row was taken from a source read in v1. Rows are only recorded with the study model named and the reporting citation attached.
Other names
Vasoactive intestinal peptide appears under these other names in the cited records or in common usage. Each one resolves to this page rather than to a separate page of its own.
- VIP
- aviptadil
- VIP peptide
Where this page sits
Research records
Cited research records for Vasoactive intestinal peptide, each with its identifier, the publication type it is indexed as, and the study model stated by its assigned subject headings.
Compounds indexed next to it
- Somatostatin — Endocrine and immune signalling peptides
- Delta sleep-inducing peptide — Endocrine and immune signalling peptides
Class page: Endocrine and immune signalling peptides. Full index: all indexed compounds.
Questions this page answers
What does the cited literature examine for Vasoactive intestinal peptide?
Vasoactive intestinal peptide, with the generic name aviptadil for the synthetic form, is a 28-residue neuropeptide. A 1976 Lancet paper proposes a dual role as gastrointestinal hormone and neurotransmitter, a 1973 Lancet paper links it to the watery-diarrhoea syndrome, and 1998 Pharmacological Reviews and 2012 British Journal of Pharmacology papers cover the nomenclature and pharmacology of its receptors, shared with pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide.
Which class is Vasoactive intestinal peptide indexed under?
Vasoactive intestinal peptide is indexed under Endocrine and immune signalling peptides. This class groups peptides whose retrieved literature concerns endocrine or immune signalling outside the growth hormone axis.
What does the FDA application register show for Vasoactive intestinal peptide?
A query of the FDA Drugs@FDA application register on 2026-10-09 returned no application records for this compound name. This compound is not approved by the FDA for human use.
Sources
- PubChem Compound Summary for CID 16132300, Aviptadil. PubChem, National Library of Medicine (2026). pubchem:16132300
- Drugs@FDA application register query for this compound, no application records returned. U.S. Food and Drug Administration, openFDA drugsfda endpoint (2026). fda:vip
- Possible dual role for vasoactive intestinal peptide as gastrointestinal hormone and neurotransmitter substance. Lancet (London, England) (1976). pmid:57443
- Vasoactive intestinal peptide and watery-diarrhoea syndrome. Lancet (London, England) (1973). pmid:4123289
- International Union of Pharmacology. XVIII. Nomenclature of receptors for vasoactive intestinal peptide and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide. Pharmacological reviews (1998). pmid:9647867
- Pharmacology and functions of receptors for vasoactive intestinal peptide and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide: IUPHAR review 1. British journal of pharmacology (2012). pmid:22289055
- The VIP2 receptor: molecular characterisation of a cDNA encoding a novel receptor for vasoactive intestinal peptide. FEBS letters (1993). pmid:8224221
- Gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor, a member of the secretin-vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor family, is widely distributed in peripheral organs and the brain. Endocrinology (1993). pmid:8243312
- Differential effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide, substance P, and somatostatin on immunoglobulin synthesis and proliferations by lymphocytes from Peyer's patches, mesenteric lymph nodes, and spleen. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) (1986). pmid:2415614
- Catalytic hydrolysis of vasoactive intestinal peptide by human autoantibody. Science (New York, N.Y.) (1989). pmid:2727702
- Vasoactive intestinal peptide prevents experimental arthritis by downregulating both autoimmune and inflammatory components of the disease. Nature medicine (2001). pmid:11329057
- The significance of vasoactive intestinal peptide in immunomodulation. Pharmacological reviews (2004). pmid:15169929
- Neuronal cell killing by the envelope protein of HIV and its prevention by vasoactive intestinal peptide. Nature (1988). pmid:2845276
On each stated value was matched to the record cited for it. That is record matching, not an appraisal of the research. Compiled and checked by: Peptide Monographs editorial desk. No qualified clinical reviewer.