Thymosin alpha 1
Thymosin alpha 1 is a peptide, indexed here under Endocrine and immune signalling peptides.
Identity
| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| Classification | Peptide |
| Primary class | Endocrine and immune signalling peptides |
| CAS registry number | 62304-98-7[1] |
| PubChem CID | 16130571[1] |
| UniProt accession | Unknown No UniProt query was run in v1. |
| Molecular formula | C129H215N33O55[1] |
| Molecular weight | 3108.3 g/mol[1] |
| Amino-acid sequence | Unknown Not reported by the PubChem property set retrieved for this record; no sequence database query was run in v1. |
| Reported half-life | Unknown No pharmacokinetics source was retrieved in v1. PubChem does not carry half-life as a property, so this is recorded as not yet sourced rather than estimated. |
What the cited literature examines
Thymosin alpha 1, also reported as thymalfasin, is a peptide whose retrieved literature is predominantly immunological. A 2004 Blood paper reports that it activates dendritic cells for antifungal Th1 resistance, and a 1984 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences paper reports the isolation and properties of prothymosin alpha as the major immunoreactive form.
The retrieved set includes clinical records. A 2013 Critical Care paper reports a multicentre trial of the peptide in severe sepsis, and a 2020 Clinical Infectious Diseases paper reports reduced mortality in severe coronavirus disease 2019. Older records include a 1986 Science paper on neutralisation of viral replication by antiserum to the peptide and a 1988 Journal of Gerontology paper on serum levels under ageing and dietary restriction.
[3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]Reported mechanism
Reported in the retrieved records to act on immune cell populations, including activation of dendritic cells, rather than at a single named receptor.
[3]Stated in the title of the cited 2004 Blood paper.
Targets named in the cited records: dendritic cells, Th1 response.
FDA application register
A query of the FDA Drugs@FDA application register on 2026-10-09 returned no application records for this compound name. This compound is not approved by the FDA for human use.[2]
Scope statement: this records the result of a single automated query against the openFDA drugsfda endpoint on the stated date. It is not legal advice and is not a jurisdiction-by-jurisdiction legality assessment.
Retrieved 2026-10-09.
Amounts reported in the cited literature
Unknown. No retrieved record in this dataset states an amount, so none is shown. Where an amount is recorded it is what a named study reported administering in its own stated model, in the past tense, and is not a protocol.
No study-reported dose was taken from a source read in v1. Literature-reported values are only recorded where the retrieved citation metadata states the figure.
Adverse effects reported in the cited literature
Unknown. No retrieved record in this dataset reports an adverse effect for this compound, so no row is shown. Absence of a row records the absence of a retrieved report, nothing more.
No adverse-effect row was taken from a source read in v1. Rows are only recorded with the study model named and the reporting citation attached.
Other names
Thymosin alpha 1 appears under these other names in the cited records or in common usage. Each one resolves to this page rather than to a separate page of its own.
- thymalfasin
- Zadaxin
Where this page sits
Research records
Cited research records for Thymosin alpha 1, each with its identifier, the publication type it is indexed as, and the study model stated by its assigned subject headings.
Compounds indexed next to it
- Delta sleep-inducing peptide — Endocrine and immune signalling peptides
- Kisspeptin-10 — Endocrine and immune signalling peptides
- Gonadorelin — Endocrine and immune signalling peptides
- Thymalin — Short peptide bioregulators
- Thymulin — Endocrine and immune signalling peptides
Class page: Endocrine and immune signalling peptides. Full index: all indexed compounds.
Questions this page answers
What does the cited literature examine for Thymosin alpha 1?
Thymosin alpha 1, also reported as thymalfasin, is a peptide whose retrieved literature is predominantly immunological. A 2004 Blood paper reports that it activates dendritic cells for antifungal Th1 resistance, and a 1984 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences paper reports the isolation and properties of prothymosin alpha as the major immunoreactive form.
Which class is Thymosin alpha 1 indexed under?
Thymosin alpha 1 is indexed under Endocrine and immune signalling peptides. This class groups peptides whose retrieved literature concerns endocrine or immune signalling outside the growth hormone axis.
What does the FDA application register show for Thymosin alpha 1?
A query of the FDA Drugs@FDA application register on 2026-10-09 returned no application records for this compound name. This compound is not approved by the FDA for human use.
Sources
- PubChem Compound Summary for CID 16130571, Thymalfasin. PubChem, National Library of Medicine (2026). pubchem:16130571
- Drugs@FDA application register query for this compound, no application records returned. U.S. Food and Drug Administration, openFDA drugsfda endpoint (2026). fda:thymosin-alpha-1
- Thymosin alpha 1 activates dendritic cells for antifungal Th1 resistance through toll-like receptor signaling. Blood (2004). pmid:14982877
- Prothymosin alpha: isolation and properties of the major immunoreactive form of thymosin alpha 1 in rat thymus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (1984). pmid:6583693
- The efficacy of thymosin alpha 1 for severe sepsis (ETASS): a multicenter, single-blind, randomized and controlled trial. Critical care (London, England) (2013). pmid:23327199
- Thymosin Alpha 1 Reduces the Mortality of Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 by Restoration of Lymphocytopenia and Reversion of Exhausted T Cells. Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America (2020). pmid:32442287
- Neutralization of HTLV-III/LAV replication by antiserum to thymosin alpha 1. Science (New York, N.Y.) (1986). pmid:3010464
- Influences of aging and dietary restriction on serum thymosin alpha 1 levels in mice. Journal of gerontology (1988). pmid:3346517
On each stated value was matched to the record cited for it. That is record matching, not an appraisal of the research. Compiled and checked by: Peptide Monographs editorial desk. No qualified clinical reviewer.