Short peptide bioregulators
Short peptide bioregulators groups 6 indexed compounds. Also written as Khavinson peptides, cytogens, peptide bioregulators, cytomaxes.
Definition
This class groups the short synthetic peptides and tissue polypeptide extracts developed by the St Petersburg bioregulator programme, which research-peptide catalogues sell as a family. A 2023 International Journal of Molecular Sciences paper examines the KE and EW dipeptides in the composition of the thymalin extract, a 2002 Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine paper reports the tetrapeptide livagen and chromatin activation in lymphocytes from old people, and a 2004 Neuroendocrinology Letters paper examines the brain cortex tetrapeptide cortagen by microarray. Most of the literature is Russian-language and the retrieved set is small for every member.
[1, 2, 3]Class-level mechanism as reported
No receptor target is named for any member in the retrieved record set, and the bioregulator literature reports effects on gene expression and chromatin instead. A 2011 Rejuvenation Research paper reports that pinealon suppresses free radical levels and activates proliferative processes in cells, a 2003 Izvestiia Akademii Nauk paper reports that livagen and epitalon act on enkephalin-degrading enzymes in human serum, a 2008 Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine paper reports thyroid endpoints for the Lys-Glu-Asp-Gly and Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly tetrapeptides, and a 2015 Zhurnal Nevrologii i Psikhiatrii review discusses targets of the cortexin preparation.
[4, 5, 6, 7]Members
| Compound | Other names | Peptide | Reported half-life |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pinealon | Glu-Asp-Arg, EDR peptide | Yes | Withheld pending qualified review |
| Cortexin | cortexin polypeptide complex, bovine cortex polypeptide preparation | Yes | Withheld pending qualified review |
| Cortagen | Ala-Glu-Asp-Pro, AEDP peptide, cortagene | Yes | Unknown No pharmacokinetics source was retrieved in v1. PubChem does not carry half-life as a property, so this is recorded as not yet sourced rather than estimated. |
| Thymalin | thymus polypeptide extract, Thymalinum | Yes | Unknown No pharmacokinetics source was retrieved in v1. PubChem does not carry half-life as a property, so this is recorded as not yet sourced rather than estimated. |
| Livagen | Lys-Glu-Asp-Ala, KEDA peptide | Yes | Unknown No pharmacokinetics source was retrieved in v1. PubChem does not carry half-life as a property, so this is recorded as not yet sourced rather than estimated. |
| Testagen | Lys-Glu-Asp-Gly, KEDG peptide | Yes | Unknown No pharmacokinetics source was retrieved in v1. PubChem does not carry half-life as a property, so this is recorded as not yet sourced rather than estimated. |
2 of 6 compounds in this class are withheld pending qualified review, so their reported values are not shown here and their pages are not published. They are listed because the class is incomplete without them.
Where this page sits
Research records for compounds in this class
- Records indexed for Pinealon
- Records indexed for Cortexin
- Records indexed for Cortagen
- Records indexed for Thymalin
- Records indexed for Livagen
- Records indexed for Testagen
All classes: class index. All compounds: compound index.
Sources
- The Influence of KE and EW Dipeptides in the Composition of the Thymalin Drug on Gene Expression and Protein Synthesis Involved in the Pathogenesis of COVID-19. International journal of molecular sciences (2023). pmid:37686182
- Effects of Livagen peptide on chromatin activation in lymphocytes from old people. Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine (2002). pmid:12533768
- Elucidation of the effect of brain cortex tetrapeptide Cortagen on gene expression in mouse heart by microarray. Neuro endocrinology letters (2004). pmid:15159690
- Pinealon increases cell viability by suppression of free radical levels and activating proliferative processes. Rejuvenation research (2011). pmid:21978084
- [Effect of new peptide bioregulators livagen and epitalon on enkephalin-degrading enzymes in human serum]. Izvestiia Akademii nauk. Seriia biologicheskaia (2003). pmid:12942748
- Effect of tetrapeptides Lys-Glu-Asp-Gly and Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly on the structure and function of the thyroid gland in neonatally hypophysectomized chickens. Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine (2008). pmid:19024016
- [Cortexin. Molecular mechanisms and targets of neuroprotective activity]. Zhurnal nevrologii i psikhiatrii imeni S.S. Korsakova (2015). pmid:26356623
On each stated value was matched to the record cited for it. That is record matching, not an appraisal of the research. Compiled and checked by: Peptide Monographs editorial desk. No qualified clinical reviewer.